55 Best HTML Questions and Answers in 2022
We view HTML as the fundamental language of the World Wide Web, so applicants for positions in web development must be well-versed in it. When you ask HTML interview questions, you seek information about the potential employee’s technical aptitude. You must formulate the proper inquiries if you want to accomplish this.
Reviewing regularly asked HTML interview questions and the best responses is an excellent method to ensure you’re ready to meet with applicants. Or perhaps you are the one being interviewed for a development position; in that case, congrats and good luck!
We’ve compiled a list of 55 of the most typical HTML interviewing questions and answers because knowing where to start in a sea of questions and answers can be overwhelming. Finding the perfect candidate for the position will be easier if you focus on HTML5 or the nuances of properties and tags by knowing the best answers to these common HTML interview questions.
1. What does the abbreviation HTML mean?
Ans. HTML is the abbreviation of Hypertext Markup Language. As a result of its widespread use, this language is regarded as the dominant one on the internet.
2. What makes up HTML5’s foundation?
- Semantics: allows you to define your content more precisely.
- Connectivity: enabling creative and novel methods of communication with the server.
- Offline & Storage: allowing websites to more effectively function offline by storing data locally on the client side.
- Multimedia: Making audio and video first-class citizens on the Open Web.
- Graphics and effects in 2D and 3D: Offer a significantly wider variety of presentation options.
- Performance and integration: improving computer hardware utilization and performance optimization.
- Device access: Refers to enabling the use of different input and output devices.
- Styling: enabling authors to write about more complex issues.
3. What are the primary uses of HTML tags?
To help with proper content formatting, we use HTML tags. Using the greater than character > and the less than character is an example of tags. A closing tag is a slash character. For illustration:
<small>example</small>
4. What list types may you use when creating an HTML page?
Several different list styles can be used on a website. To make these, you’ll work with a tag set. The several list types include:
- A definition list
- A menu list
- An ordered list
- An unordered list
- A directory list
5. What is the use of the <Doctype HTML> tag?
A DTD is always linked to a DOCTYPE ( Document Type Definition ). A button can include a span but not a div, according to a DTD, which specifies how documents of that type should be constructed. In contrast, a DOCTYPE defines which DTD a document purports to follow (i.e. this document respects the HTML DTD). The DOCTYPE statement is necessary for web pages. It is employed to inform user agents which edition of the HTML standards your content adheres to.
A Guide to HTML Elements: What They Are and How to Use Them
6. Can a text link connect to two different web pages on the same website?
This is presently not allowed because the <a> tag can only accept a single href attribute.
7. Why are comments useful in HTML?
Comments are helpful notes in an HTML document. Developers can mark changes that will later need to be implemented in these notes. Additionally, keep in mind that when code is run, comments are not visible in the browser.
8. How many different ways may an HTML element be styled with CSS?
For HTML components, there are three ways to specify CSS styles. They are as follows:
- Internal
- Inline
- External
9. What occurs if DOCTYPE is not provided?
Quirks mode is used to render the website. To accommodate older browsers that do not adhere to W3C guidelines, web browser engines employ quirks mode. CSS classes and id identifiers are case-insensitive in quirks mode. Case sensitivity is used in standards mode.
10. What distinguishes the span and div tags?
The default behavior of div and span tags is mostly what distinguishes them. An inline element is a span, while a div is a block-level element by default.
Since div is a block-level element, it will be shown on a separate line with a width equal to the parent element. The fact that <span> is an inline element implies that its width will depend on the content it contains, and it will display on the same line as the preceding element if it is also an inline element.
11. What are the optional closing tags?
Ans. Closing tags are not required for <p>, <li>, <td>, tr>, <th>, <html>, <body>, etc. The preceding tag is immediately terminated once the browser encounters a new one.
12. Is a hyperlink applicable to text, pictures, or both?
A hyperlink can be placed within the text, an image, or both.
13. What do you mean by self-closing tag?
It is not necessarily required to close several HTML tags in HTML5. “Self-closing” tags are those that do not require a special closing tag.
An illustration of a self-closing tag is a line break (<br />) or the meta tag (<meta>).
14. What distinguishes a logical tag from a physical tag?
While both logical and physical tags can improve text visibility and comprehension by website visitors, the physical tag determines how the text will look and offers no further information. Logical tags, on the other hand, indicate the type of material and how it will behave for the information inside the tag.
15. What distinguishes block components from inline elements?
A block-level element always begins on a new line, and browsers add a margin (a space) before and after the element by default. A line break is not used to begin an inline element. An inline element just uses the space that is required.
Block components include <h1>, <p>, <ul> <ol> and <li>, while inline elements include <span>, <a>, <strong>, <I> and <img>
16. What is a layout structure in HTML? Describe it.
Although the styles of websites vary significantly, there are a few features that they all have. These components of structuring your web pages are generally acknowledged and include:
- <article> – An article is a collection of information.
- <aside> – This is a page’s sidebar content.
- <section> – This establishes the fundamental framework of the page and is utilized somewhere inside your article block.
- <header> – That’s where the webpage’s initial information is kept.
- <footer> – This tag denotes the webpage’s conclusion.
- <nav> – This is the page’s menu of options.
17. What do the terms “semantic” and “non-semantic” mean?
Semantic elements: These elements express their meaning to the developer and the browser in a straightforward manner. For instance, the following clearly defines its content:
<form>, <table>, <article>, <aside>, <details>, <figcaption>, <figure>, <footer>, <header>, <main>, <mark>, <nav>, <section>, <summary>, <time>
The non-semantic elements <div> and <span> don’t provide any information about the content.
18. Why is the main element used in HTML?
The primary material of a document’s body is represented by the HTML “main” element. The key subject of a document or the primary function of an application is expanded upon or directly connected in the main content section.
19. Why are HTML meta tags helpful?
To inform the browser of the website summary, character type, keyword, template creator, and other information, a developer would use meta tags. To translate website content for the search engine, meta tags are useful for search engine optimization.
20. In HTML, how many different heading kinds are there?
HTML has six different heading kinds. Keep in mind that a heading is a block-level element that serves as the header for a certain topic or section. It includes <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, <h6>.
21. When should you use an article, section, or div?
<section>: A collection of the material inside is connected to a single subject and therefore needs to be listed as an entry in the page’s outline. It constitutes a substantial portion of the page’s material that is connected, similar to a long article’s subsection. Typically, a section contains a header and perhaps a footer as well.
<article>: Is independently sharable or reusable, such as in syndication, symbolizes a full, or self-contained, arrangement in a text, page, application, or site. This might be a forum post, a piece of writing from a magazine or newspaper, a blog post, a user remark, or other independent pieces of material.
<div>: does not provide any meaning beyond what is included in its title, class, and lang characteristics.
22. Can there be more than one “header” element on a web page? How about the footer> components?
Yes, documents may utilize header elements more than once. All articles, sections, and webpages must include a <header> tag, while a <footer> tag is not required.
23. Describe an HTML object.
Character entities in HTML are used to show reserved or hidden characters. A sentence or “string” that begins with an ampersand and finishes with a semicolon is technically referred to as an entity.
24. What is the required attribute, and why is it beneficial?
In HTML, a form field may be made compulsory by using the required attribute.
25. What distinguishes HTML from XHTML?
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a name for this language. Extensible HyperText Markup Language is XHTML. It is a more rigid, XML-based version of HTML. Both, however, are markup languages that may be used to create apps and web pages.
There are two crucial things front-end developers should know about the XHTML standard:
- It must be properly created, which means that all elements must be closed and correctly nested to avoid generating problems.
- Since it adheres to stricter standards than HTML, your site’s speed could be enhanced since less pre-processing is needed by the browser.
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26. Why are the HTML <head> and <body> elements crucial?
Because they reveal information about the document’s structure, these tags are important. The document only has one <head> tag, which is closed in the <html> element. Additionally, the <head> tag will always occur before the body> tag. Metadata about the website will also be provided using the <head> tag. Tags that are closed by the head tag won’t show up on the website.
On the other hand, the body of the page will be defined by the <body> element. The <HTML> element should also be used to close it. One body tag alone is permitted per document.
27. What is an SVG element?
SVG graphics are included within the <SVG> element. It provides several ways to create lines, circles, boxes, text, and graphic pictures. These photos can be typed straight into HTML.
28. What do you mean by character encoding?
A technique for transforming data into characters is character encoding. An appropriate character encoding must be chosen by software to verify or render an HTML page correctly. UTF-8 is a Unicode Translation Format that would be available in 8-bit, or byte, units. UTF8 has variable width and supports characters with lengths ranging from 1 to 4 bytes.
29. How many different Doctypes are there?
The three distinct categories of Doctypes. These include transitional, strict, and frameset.
30. What does an HTML void element do?
A void element is an HTML entity that doesn’t require a closing tag or is closed. <hr> and <br> are types of void elements in HTML.
31. What is a marquee used for, and why?
If you want to establish a scrolling text section on your HTML page, use the <marquee tag>. It will then travel vertically or horizontally across the area of the website you’ve selected.
32. What makes a cookie, session storage, and local storage different from one another?
Cookie: a text document stored on the user’s PC for data storage and retrieval
SessionStorage: Temporary data can be saved in a browser’s session storage until the session or page is closed.
LocalStorage: Similar to cookies, localStorage allows users to save and retrieve data between browser sessions, however, unlike sessionStorage, it is kept in memory. Plain key-value pairs are used to store data, which may also be done using JSON objects.
33. What distinguishes an anchor tag from a link tag?
To establish a hyperlink between an external location and a document, use the <link> tag. These cannot be clicked. A hyperlink to another web page or page portion is created via an anchor tag (<a>). They can be clicked.
34. Explain the HTML5 Application Cache. OR What does an HTML manifest file do?
Web-based apps can operate offline thanks to HTML5’s provision of an application caching mechanism. Developers can define the information that the browsers should cache and provide to users who are offline using the Applications Cache (AppCache) interface. When users reload cached applications while they are offline, they load and function properly. The advantages of using an application cache for an app include:
- Users may browse a website even while they are offline thanks to offline browsing.
- Because cached materials are local, they load more quickly.
- Server load is reduced since only the files that have changed are downloaded by the browser.
35. How can you include JavaScript in HTML?
You can use <script> tag to embed JavaScript in HTML code. It can be used to make the website more dynamic and responsive.
What is HTML5?
HTML5 is the new and improved version of HTML released in 2014 by the World Wide Web Consortium. It is useful for adding more interactivity and features to your website.
37. What were the primary goals for releasing HTML5?
HTML5 was aimed to provide additional features over the previous version of HTML. Some major advantages of HTML5 are as follows:
- To increase error handling and code robustness.
- To ensure maximum backward compatibility with older documents
- To increase semantic support, additional structural component tags are included.
- To improve cross-browser behavior, a more rigid parsing standard is included.
38. What are the new HTML5 form input types?
HTML5 included the following elements: date, time, week, month, email, URL, range, search, color, number, tel, and DateTime-local.
39. What exactly is canvas and why is it used?
Canvas graphics are pixel-based visuals. It is among the most significant new features introduced by HTML5 implementation. It works by allowing an area inside the document where JavaScript graphics can be created. It’s also worth noting that Canvas is resolution-dependent, therefore resizing affects the quality.
40. How can you embed video or audio on your HTML5 page?
HTML5 includes two tags for incorporating video and audio into your website. And those are the <audio> and <video> tags.
41. What exactly does the installation of web workers imply?
The term “Web workers” was introduced in HTML5. It adds multithreading capabilities to JavaScript. These scripts execute in the back, so the page does not have to wait for them to finish.
42. What is the distinction between Select and Datalist?
The user must choose one of the possibilities provided by the select element. It is advised that the user select one of the alternatives you’ve provided for the data and list element, but he can enter whatever he wants in the input.
43. How many properties are there on the output> tag? What exactly are they?
Three attributes are associated with the output> tag. These are as follows:
- Form: To express the form with which the output element is related
- Name: To represent the name of the output element
- for: To describe the relationship connecting the elements used in your calculation and its result.
44. What is the purpose of the browser rendering engine?
The browser must perform the following steps to render content:
- Document Object Model (DOM).
- CSS Object Model (CSSOM).
- Render Tree.
- Layout.
- Paint.
45. What is the distinction between standards and quirks mode?
Layout in Quirks mode mimics nonstandard behavior in Navigator 4 and Internet Explorer 5. This is required to support websites developed before the mass adoption of modern web standards. The HTML and CSS standards specify the behavior in Standards mode.
Browsers employ a <!DOCTYPE html> at the beginning of an HTML document to determine whether to handle it in quirks mode or standards mode.
46. What is the purpose of the figure tag in HTML5?
The figure> tag in HTML5 will be used to define self-contained content in a Fully responsive page. For example, images and diagrams. The content of the figure element is related to the internal flow of the document, but its position is not. As a result, removing it does not affect the flow.
47. What is the advantage of collapsing white space?
HTML treats white spaces as single space characters since they are blank sequences of space characters. The browser combines numerous spaces as one space, allowing you to lower lines of text without worrying about having multiple spaces, making your HTML code much more readable.
48. What exactly are HTML forms? What makes them useful?
To collect user input, you would use an HTML form. Making a form is pretty simple because HTML offers a tag (form>) for doing so. They’re useful if you want to get data from a user. In that scenario, utilize the input> tag and insert it into the form. The acquired user data is then transmitted to the server for further processing.
Remember that there are several input types, such as integer, password, checkbox, button, submit, and text. These can be used to gather data or even to send emails.
49. What is the difference between <script>, <script async>, <script defer>?
- Async: Download the script file while the HTML is being parsed, pausing the HTML decoder to run it once it is finished.
- Defer: Download the script file while parsing the HTML and will only run it once parsing is complete. Some browsers do not support this.
The browser is informed that the scripts can be performed asynchronously using the async property. The HTML parser can fetch and run the script whenever it is available after being retrieved in conjunction with the content parsing, so it is not necessary to pause when it gets the script element.
The delay property instructs the client to only run the script file after fully parsing the HTML document.
50. Cache busting has a purpose, but how does one go about achieving it?
To avoid having to download files again when navigating between pages or refreshing the same page, browsers include a cache that temporarily stores them on websites. To instruct the browser to keep the file for a specific period, the server is configured to send headers. This preserves bandwidth while significantly speeding up websites.
The user’s caches still refer to outdated files, which might lead to issues when website developers make changes to the site. If the cache CSS and JavaScript assets are referring to items that no longer exist, have relocated, or have been renamed, it could either leave them with outdated capability or break a website.
The act of pushing the browsers to download new files is known as cache busting. To accomplish this, give the new file a name distinct from the one on the old file.
Adding a query string at the end of the document is a typical way to make the browser download the file again.
51. What screenreaders and ARIA are, and how can a website be made accessible?
With the help of screen readers, persons with disabilities—like those who lack sight, hearing, or the ability to use a mouse—can access web apps. By adhering to ARIA standards, such as structured HTML, and alt attributes, including [role=button] in proper contexts, you may make your websites more accessible.
52. What does the alt text on photos serve?
If a user is unable to view a picture, the alt property offers substitute information. All images should have an alt attribute, except those that are just aesthetic, in which event it should have been left empty.
53. Why is an HTML entity used?
Character entities in HTML show reserved or unseen characters. An entity is, technically speaking, a textual passage or “string” that begins with an ampersand and concludes with a semicolon.
54. What are image maps, and why are they significant?
You can use an image map to connect dissimilar web pages using just one image. The <map> tag serves to illustrate this.
55. Which tags are used to divide a text block?
A portion of text can be divided into three tags. These are <blockquote>, <p>, and <br>.
Hire the best candidate with HTML interview questions and answers.
Preparing for a job interview is no easy feat — for the prospective employee or the company. However, asking the right questions will ensure that you’re hiring a qualified candidate. These questions will help decipher if a potential team member has the technical skills necessary to succeed in your open web developer role.
